What is the main function of the phloem?

The primary role of the phloem is to transport sugars, which are produced during photosynthesis, and various nutrients throughout the plant. This transport is crucial because it supplies energy to different parts of the plant, such as roots, stems, and developing fruits, ensuring that each part receives the necessary resources for growth and metabolism. The phloem works in coordination with the xylem, which transports water and minerals but focuses on the distribution of the organic compounds made in the leaves. This functional specialization is essential for the overall health and development of the plant, allowing it to thrive in its environment.

In contrast to the other options, the phloem does not have a role in water transport, sunlight absorption, or providing structural support. Water transport is mainly the function of the xylem; sunlight absorption is primarily the responsibility of chlorophyll in the leaves; and structural support is provided by various tissues, including the sclerenchyma and xylem components.